Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a surge in certain types of violence, with recent studies suggesting pandemic stressors being responsible for this increase. Little research has explored potential gender differences in how pandemic-related stressors have shaped violent behaviors cross-nationally, however. We draw on General Strain Theory and use survey data collected among adults in six countries to examine gender differences in the effects of pandemic strain on violence, depression, and negative affect. No gender differences were observed in the effect of strain on violence in Denmark, Guatemala, the Netherlands, Pakistan, Ukraine, and the United States. Yet, in certain countries, pandemic strain had a stronger effect on mental health and emotions for men or women. Gender variations in the effect of depression and negative affect on violence were also observed. We provide suggestions for gender-specific policies and programs addressing the detrimental effects of pandemic strain.